Wednesday, March 2, 2016

IMAGES. They are back after a year in space – Le Parisien

Three astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS), two of which have spent 340 days in orbit, returned Wednesday around 5:30 on Earth in the Soyuz capsule.

the mission was to conduct experiments for future trips to Mars by comparing including medical examinations of astronauts with his twin brother to see the impact of a stay in space on the human body.

While the astronauts had to pull themselves out of the Soyuz, placed in the Kazakh steppes southeast of Dzhezkazgan, to mimic the conditions of a Mars landing, astronauts have failed and have received aid evacuation teams to get out, said the Russian control center in the TASS news agency.

Another year tests

Mikhail Kornienko, 55, and Scott Kelly, 52, had arrived on the ISS on March 27, 2015. They have remained almost a year aboard the international space station, the longest period uninterrupted spent in the station since it is able to accommodate passengers in 2000. the third astronaut, Russian Sergei Volkov, took off for the ISS 15 December 2015 and ordered the return flight to Earth. He will have spent 182 days in orbit.

During their long stay, the two men were subjected to regular medical examination and a battery of tests and analysis to study the long term effects of microgravity on the human body. Samples of body fluids were collected before departure and during the mission and shall be collected for more than a year after their return to Earth.

The twin brother Scott Kelly, former astronaut Mark Kelly, also participated in the ground in the experiment. The data collected on the two brothers should provide accurate and useful points of comparison on the physiological effects of long-term space travel.



The absence of gravity affects on the muscles and skeleton

in a final press conference on Thursday sent from the ISS, Scott Kelly had reported feeling well psychologically and that, if necessary, “stay one hundred days more,” or more in the confined space of the ISS. Astronaut was also described being affected by the lack of running water, which makes it difficult, particularly for personal hygiene.

Asked about his health, he had assured to feel “rather shaped “, with only small weightlessness problems of view. Microgravity indeed increase the cerebrospinal fluid around the optic nerve, affecting vision. The lack of gravity also well-known effects on the muscles and the skeleton by reducing muscle mass and bone density, forcing the astronauts to exercise regularly.

Many records broken

during the mission he has just completed Scott Kelly also beat two American records: one of the longest flight in the space (340 days) and that of cumulative duration, with 540 days in orbit in total. The absolute record for the longest single stay in space returns to Russian Valeri Polyakov, remained more than 14 consecutive months (437 days exactly) aboard the old Mir space station in 1994 and 1995.

the cumulative in orbit flight time of record amounts to another Russian cosmonaut Gennady Padalka, who started his last space flight along with Kelly and Kornienko in March 2015 and has a total revolved around the Earth during 879 days.


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