From the Earth, land on Mars, are (over -) live, coming back. All with a reusable launcher, vessels refueling in orbit, a plant for the production of fuel on the red planet and a spacecraft equipped with restaurants, cabins, game rooms. You might think that it is the pitch of a work of science fiction. Yet it is the very serious project of Elon Musk, the billionaire mid-visionary mid-megalomaniac, founder of Tesla Motors and SpaceX.
IMAGE >> With SpaceX, Elon Musk wants to colonize Mars as soon as 2024
Interstallary Transport System, presented at the 67th international Congress of astronautics, in Mexico, is to send men and women on the March as soon as 2024. Ultimately, Musk intends to establish a settlement “self-sufficient” hundreds of thousands of people. It is what it is. If it has not failed to inspire all passionate about space, technology, or science-fiction, Elon Musk has also raised many questions to which he has not really answered. The opportunity to focus on other projects more or less serious missions to Mars.
Nasa: the project in the most credible
the u.s. space agency plans to send men to the red planet 2030. If the date is considered “optimistic” by the observers, yet the project seems more credible today. It relies on a strategy named Flexible Path [flexible,] which is to conduct missions around the Moon and asteroids, and then on Phobos, the larger martian moon, and finally on the red planet.
READ more >> 2030, the Odyssey to Mars: movie or reality?
To achieve its goals, Nasa has developed two machines: the spacecraft interplanetary Orion 2 and the caster-heavy SLS. The overall strategy -launch, landing, etc. – remains vague, but the u.s. space agency has promised to set progressively its missions.
pending, she is working on the issues related to hazards and the length of a trip to mars. According to the different scenarios, the total duration of the mission -trip in a rocket, and time on March – would be somewhere between 640 and 910 days. To be significant risks for the astronauts, such as radiation space, the isolation, extreme, and the prolonged absence of gravity -that affects the bones, muscles and vision.
To find some answers to these problems, the Nasa imagines housing the martian and organizes “missions ” isolation”, like HI-SEAS 4. A project that was to lock six astronauts in a dome, from August 28 to August 28, 2016, to simulate the lives of future explorers. According to the astrobiologiste French Cyprien Aquarians, who recounted his experience at The Express, the results are “encouraging”.
China and its ambitions mysterious
If the China has accumulated a lot of delay in the spatial domain, it could well be a future great actor. As the first economic power in the world intends to show the world what she is capable of. After having sent its rover Yutu on the Moon, she announced that she was going to send on the red Planet by 2020.
A panorama taken by the alunisseur showing the rover Yutu on the move, on 17 December 2013.
Chinese Academy of Sciences / CNSA / The Science and Application Center for Moon and Deepspace Exploration / Emily Lakdawalla
The Chinese are also installing a permanent base on the Moon before 2030, and to send its taïkonautes in 2036. An ambition that would hide the preparation of a trip to the red planet to dress the Americans in the post? The chinese president Xi Jinping has in any case never hidden his desire to make China a space power innovative,” that doesn’t make it to run after the space agencies, american, european and Russian.
Europe: looking towards the Moon
For its part, Europe continues to develop a space program capable of feats resounding, as with the Rosetta mission, the probe sent around the comet Tchouri. But if it probably has the means to send men on Mars, the european space agency think about it-does it really?
She all cases led research projects between 2010 and 2011. One of the most important, the mission Mars-500, lasted 520 days (a year and a half). Similar to the missions of isolates of Nasa, it was to lock six astronauts of different nationalities in the replica of a spaceship Russian near Moscow.
The ESA, however, does’t announced anything concrete about a trip to Mars. Named in July 2015 to the head of the european agency, Jan Wörner is promotes instead the idea of a “village moon” multinational, which it was proposed to the viewers to imagine the design.
The Moon is the only natural satellite of the Earth. The distance from our planet to the moon is 384 400 km, or about thirty times the diameter of the Earth.
Nasa/AFP
Amazon: the competitor of SpaceX
SpaceX may be the private company as the most advanced in the spatial domain, we should not forget Blue Origin. Founded by Jeff Bezos, boss of the controversial Amazon, she managed, just before SpaceX, to propel a rocket into orbit and then to put it safely near the launch site.
building on this first success, the american company has announced that it wants to build a huge rocket called New Glenn, with the objective again to achieve March. Announcement effect or objective (very) long term? Jeff Bezos has admitted that it would probably have to wait “several decades” before completing this project.
The crazy project of Dennis Tito and March One
In 2013, a multi-millionaire Dennis Tito launched Inspiration Mars, an american foundation whose mission is to send a “couple of a certain age” around the red planet in 2018. Of course, it is not a question of if there ask. But if his project succeeded, it would surpass both the Nasa -for whom he has worked for many years as an aerospace engineer – as Elon Musk.
READ more >> Go to Mars, but for what?
Except that it lacks many of the hundreds of millions of dollars to complete its budget. And if Nasa is not against a participation to the project, she is critical of a timetable too short and too many questions unanswered. In short, there is very little chance that his project sees the light of day.
Just like that of the Dutch company Mars One, who had captured the spotlight by announcing to the world its willingness to send 24 volunteers 2022 in the framework of a one-way trip to Mars. But this trip combining scientific exploration and reality tv giant, presented as very serious, however, is considered by scientists as the best and a nice publicity stunt, at worst a sinister hoax. The best hope for a men’s March is still waiting for China and the United States decide to get there before the other.
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