After the greatest tragedy of immigration in the Mediterranean Sea, Europe is mobilizing. A summit of foreign ministers and interior ministers will be held on Tuesday afternoon, and an extraordinary European Council on Thursday. While Matteo Renzi has ruled out sending troops to Libya, foreign ministries have identified several areas of action.
1- stabilization of Libya. Libya is the hub of traffic, and it is from its coasts embark 93% of migrants. In the anarchy that State without law where both governments clash, it is impossible to fight against the smugglers. The priority is to support the mediation of the UN delegate, Bernardino Leon, for training in Tripoli of a government of national unity.
2 Building, at the request of a unified government , surveillance of Libya’s borders with Sudan, Egypt, Chad and Niger. If these are the disasters at sea that arouse international outrage, migrants come mostly from sub-Saharan Africa, and their odyssey does not start on the Libyan coast. This approach march is billed more expensive – 5,000 dollars – the sea crossing – 1500 dollars. Migrants are extortion, resold from one organization to another, and women often raped by the traffickers. Hundreds of people perish in the desert and without that Europe’s knowledge.
Strengthen Triton and exchange information
3- Establish a blockade in front the Libyan coast. Often mentioned by politicians transalpine, this appears impossible, however. Indeed, if the ships of an international force taking on board all immigrants at the exit of the Libyan territorial waters, they should, according to the law of the sea, driving in Italy or Malta. This would create a kind of immigration smugglers highway that would promote and increase the flow of traffic. If they tried to push back force boats in poor condition and overloaded with migrants to the ports of departure, warships risk provoking new shipwrecks. This was the case in 1997 off the Albanian coast when ships of the Italian army hit a trawler immigrants, causing hundreds of deaths.
4- Strengthening and increasing the operating range of the Triton system. This measure tends to bring rescue boats in distress. But experience shows that arrives provokes panic immigrants who, rushing from one side to the other in their floating wreckage, are often the cause of the sinking. The latest disaster is illustrative. The sea rescue is an emergency measure that does not prevent all tragedies.
5- data interchange for the capture of traffickers. The smugglers are known to police. Their networks have accomplices in Italy and Northern Europe. The wife of Ermias Ghermay, head of the group that on his conscience over a thousand dead, lives in Germany. Arrests in Sicily, in the night of Monday to Tuesday, a dozen members of his organization show that Interpol can play a role in the fight against trafficking.
6 Introduction in countries starting immigration channels controlled and secure. This would cut the grass under the feet of traffickers. But while a million candidates waiting in Libya the opportunity to the sea, the twenty-eight European governments should accept quotas of immigrants difficult to accept by the public.
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