It is called the mesentery. The word science (which comes from the Greek mesenterion) refers to the contraction of the peritoneum which connects the portions of the small intestine (the jejunum and the ileum) to the posterior wall of the abdomen. You follow ? Clearly, this is a membrane of the abdominal cavity, which allows the intestines to keep them in their place.
Remember its name : the mesentery may now appear in the list of organs of the human body inscribed in the bible of the human anatomy, Anatomy of the Human Body, Henry Gray, the famous Gray’s Anatomy. This is an article in the irish professor John Calvin Coffey, published in November 2016 in The Lancet, Gastroenterology & Hepatology (in English), which puts it in light as the relays the university of Limerick (Ireland). The american media have picked up on the news Tuesday, January 3, and The Lancet tweeted the article Wednesday.
Is this as it is new ?
well, no ! It does not discover the mesentery : its existence is known since many years. Leonardo da Vinci is one of the first to have spoken about it, in the Fifteenth century, according to Futura Sciences, and Mashable. The body is also represented on boards of anatomy, drawn by Henry Vandyke Carter in the first half of the Nineteenth century, and published in Gray’s Anatomy in 1858.
It is therefore false to say that the human body has an organ (such as the advance of Science Alert, for example). However, for John Calvin Coffey, “the anatomical description which had been established for 100 years ofanatomy was incorrect”. “This body is far from being fragmented and complex, it is simply a continuous structure”, he explains in his article. However, this article does not present any scientific advance. It is rather a synthesis of all the information known about the mesentery.
But in fact, it is used to what ?
To understand how this works in the mesentery, doctors and scientists are not lacking in metaphors. the “This membrane is attached to one side of the intestine, such as a flag (the mesentery) would be hooked up to a mat (the gut)”, describes Gérard Eberl, head of the unit Micro-environment and immunity at the Pasteur Institute, contacted by franceinfo. He also compares the mesentery to “a large train station with many routes converging from the intestine to the liver and to the aorta.” These routes are used primarily for the transmission of nutrients to other organs and throughout the body.
“The mesentery is like an octopus that protects the vessels to allow the flow of blood”, ” says professor Laurent Beaugerie, head of the gastroenterology department at hospital Saint-Antoine in Paris. the “It is a body nourisher, exchange, he explains to franceinfo. in As a sheath anatomical, which would protect the connection between the large vessels and the tubes of the digestive.” Thus, the mesentery is the link between the peritoneum, which lines the viscera in the large abdominal cavity, and the aorta.
Is this that one can truly say that it is an organ ?
“An organ, by definition, has a specific functions”, reminds us of his side, Laurent Beaugerie. the “The mesentery is thus an organ. In addition, it can be affected by diseases : there is fibrosis, cancer and lymphoma of the mesentery, and thus, in this respect, it is a body” he continued.
But the debate is not closed. According to Allo doctors, it still lacks certain elements to that the mesentery is officially reclassified as a body. It is necessary that the continuity of the mesentery is confirmed by other research, since structural independence is one of the criteria that can be used to distinguish bodies from each other. It is also necessary that one or more specific functions are recognized by the scientific community.
“After that, what one includes or not the vessels when one speaks of the mesentery ? It is another question”, reports to Laurent Beaugerie. And add : “Who has no interest, from my point of view.” For him, the only interest is to study the mesentery through its function of “tank fat”. A fabric of who can participate, to a certain extent, to excess fat in the belly (“belly”), but, more seriously, a role in inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, such as Crohn’s disease.
the professor of The hospital Saint-Antoine, Paris, author of a book on this disease, points out that the research on the subject are far from new : “They have started there are more than fifty years.” “It’s good that individuality is interested in the mesentery, but the searches are not going to revolutionize medicine”, he insists. He championed research on the intestinal microbiota, also in vogue, but even more promising from the point of view of medicine.
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